Why is this Java program showing no error?

Consider the below code,

I forgot to define the method name, just the code within the block.

public class Demo {

    {
    Apple ap;
    // Display price of Winesap.
    System.out.println("Winesap costs " + Apple.Winesap.getPrice()
            + " cents.\n");
    // Display all apples and prices.
    System.out.println("All apple prices:");
    for (Apple a : Apple.values())
        System.out.println(a + " costs " + a.getPrice() + " cents.");
    }

}

is it because blocks{} in java defines a scope?

A block {} defines the scope in Java. Each time you start a new block, you are creating a new scope. A scope determines what objects are visible to other parts of the program. It also determines the lifetime of these objects. Many other computer languages define 2 general category of scopes : global and local.